Parts of Speech - Summary

Parts of Speech

Parts of Speech

Why Grammar?

Grammar is the system of the language. It classifies words, their nature, usage, and forms. Do you want to speak clearly and effectively? Maybe professionally? If yes, bear with me 👂

• Me: No one likes grammar, but, can you build a house in the air? 

• You: hummm 🤔, no.

• Me: When you learn a new language, please DO NOT start with grammar.

• You: What? Is it you saying this?

• Me: Yes, It's ME who is telling you this.

So, you watched an English video, listened to an English radio channel, watched Movies, maybe loved listening to some  American or English songs, read a lot, but you still CAN NOT - or it is HARD to - Speak or Write correctly. In other words, you cannot produce language. 

Well, how to produce a correct language? The answer is: Grammar, Sir!

To help you connect the dots and solve the puzzle of Grammar - we will make a plan, a map, a rout, a tree, or call it what you like 👀

Connecting dots

"Parts of Speech" are called "The Grammar Map" - some people call them "The Grammar Tree" or "Grammar Diagram". All definitions are correct.

Why we need to know "the parts of speech"? 

Because it is important to understand that every word in a sentence has a job to do, a role in the sentence. When we understand the roles/jobs of the words inside a sentence, then we can build our sentences, and we can Speak and Write (we can understand what we listen to and what we read 👈).

Let's have a look on the map before we proceed

Parts of Speech

Let's have a quiz before we proceed in order to test how much we know.
- You: hmmm 🤔, a test before we learn?
- Me: Yes 😏

Well, well, well, let us get some hints on each part of speech before the quiz ✋

Definition of Parts of Speech:

• Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas.

• Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. (Substitute Nouns)

• Verbs are words that show an action or a state of being.

• Adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns. (They answer the adjective questions.)

• Adverbs are words that describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. (They answer the adverb questions.)

• Prepositions are words that describe the relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other word or element in the rest of the sentence. They also show positions (in, on, above,...)

• Conjunctions are words that join one or more words, phrases, or clauses.

• Interjections are words that show emotion.

• Determiners are words placed in front of a noun to make it clear what the noun refers to.

Abbreviations for Parts of Speech:

"Abbreviation" means short form. Below you see how dictionaries use short forms in front of the words to tell you which part of speech the word is.

Abbreviation	Meaning	Description
adj.	adjective	modifies (describes or limits) noun and pronouns (and gerunds - "-ing words" he escaped by swimming rapidly)
adv.	adverb	how? when? where? why? of a verb (ran quickly), adjective (very green), or adverb (quite honestly). (slowly, quickly, ill, well, very, too), adj + ly = adv (e.g. rare, honest; rarely, honestly)
col.	colloquial = informal	informal conversation
conj.	conjunction	connectors: and, or, but, neither, nor, for, when
inf.	informal	Not used in written forms.
f.	formal	Used in written forms.
intj.	interjection	greeting, response, or exclamation, which may be followed by "!"
n.	noun	word naming person, place, thing, quality, action, path, measurement in space or time, question, category, event, abstract concept, or no meaning
pl.	plural	More than one
S.	Singular	Only one
prefix.	prefix	comes before a word and sometimes change the meaning (un-able, dis-able)
prep.	preposition	What the rabbit does in relation to the table (the rabbit jumps on, between, because of, to, by, before, around, with, under, in back of, beneath, below, above, the table)
pron.	pronoun	I, me, my, mine, myself; they, you, him, her, it, this, these; who, whose, whom; which, that, one, ones, one's; everybody, anyone
syn.	synonym	words with the same meaning are "synonyms". (pretty, beautiful)
UK.	United Kingdom	England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales
US.	United States	in full, United States of America
v.	verb	word expressing action, being or occurrence
vi.	verb intransitive	does not take object, "The delegates met", "Shirley reads"
vt.	verb transitive	requires object, "he met his fate", "Shirley reads poetry"
pron.	pronoun
Det.	determiner	a, an, the, this, that, my, your, many, much, few, some,..
C	Countable Noun	Nouns that can be in plural form (boy-boys, tree-trees)
UC	Uncountable Noun	Nouns that don't come in plural form (people, beauty, team, band). Some of them when plural, the meaning will change (Peoples: persons from different countries)

The Quiz: 

Choose the part of the speech that matched the words between forward slashes /   /.